18: Assault
CAMEO 180: Use unconventional violence, not specified below
DescriptionUse of unconventional force and violence, not otherwise specified.
Usage NotesUse this event form to code for use of forms of force and violence that do not necessitate high levels of organization and sophisticity. Terrorist attacks, if not further specified, should be coded under this event form. Use this default event form to code also for use of knives, rocks and other such unsophisticated weapons. This residual category is not coded except when distinctions among CAMEO codes 181 through 184 cannot be made.
ExamplePalestinian gunmen attacked an Israeli village close to the West Bank Sunday and killed an Israeli, public television reported.
CAMEO 181: Abduct, hijack
DescriptionKidnap individual(s) and/or hijack, forcibly seize control of an aircraft, car, bus, ship, etc.
ExampleAfghan rebels have kidnapped up to 16 Soviet civilian advisers from a town bazaar and exploded a series of bombs in the capital Kabul, western diplomatic sources in neighboring Pakistan said today.
CAMEO 182: Physically assault (non-lethal), not specified below
DescriptionAttack physical well-being of individual(s) without intending to cause death, not otherwise specified.
Usage NotesThis event form category contains sub-forms for more detailed coding whenever possible. It refers to assaults that are non-lethal in the sense that death is not necessarily intended but can nevertheless occur as a result - torture can cause death for instance. Note that political assassinations are coded under CAMEO 184 instead.
ExampleIsraeli soldiers routinely beat up Palestinian detainees on the occupied West Bank with the knowledge of senior officers, a court martial was told today.
CAMEO 1821: Sexually assault
DescriptionAssault sexual integrity of individual(s).
Usage NotesUse this event form to code for rapes and other sexual assaults.
ExampleU.S. border patrol agents sexually abused illegal Mexican immigrants with impunity, a human rights organization charged on Saturday.
CAMEO 1822: Torture
DescriptionTorture, inflict extreme pain on individual(s)
ExampleSecurity forces in Guinea have tortured scores of Sierra Leonean and Liberian refugees, whom authorities blame for a border conflict, Human Rights Watch (HWR) said Thursday.
CAMEO 183: Suicide, car, and other bombing
DescriptionUse suicide or car bombs to cause destruction.
Usage NotesUse this event form to code for all kinds of individual bombings. Note that aerial bombings that involve the use of aircrafts are coded under CAMEO 195 instead.
ExampleIrish nationalist guerrillas wounded two British soldiers in a bomb attack on Thursday, police said.
ExampleTwo Palestinian suicide bombers killed 23 people as well as themselves late Sunday when they blew themselves up in Tel Aviv in the second-worst attack in the current Palestinian uprising, police said.
CAMEO 184: Assassinate
DescriptionKill person(s) for political or other reasons.
Usage NotesUse this event form for 'targeted killings' and assassinations. Criminal acts of killings and murders that are committed neither for political reasons nor as part of an ongoing military conflict are not coded under the framework of CAMEO; they should simply be null coded, if they are coded at all.
ExampleHezbollah guerrillas killed the deputy chief of Israel's militia ally in southern Lebanon Sunday sources on both sides said.
Usage NotesThis example is coded as an assassination because of the position the victim held (which is reported explicitly).